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The content housed on this site is the intellectual property of Penn State and/or the content authors. Penn State has licensed the content for non-commercial use and reuse, including the development of derivative works. The only exception to this is where images and other items are marked as copyrighted material from another source.

When using this material, please give appropriate credit as noted in the Creative Commons license or other license type documentation. We suggest crediting the material as follows:

Basic citation

Content title (link to original work) by author, licensed by The Pennsylvania State University (https://roam.libraries.psu.edu), Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/, accessed (date)

Citation for modified content

Content title (link to original work) by author, licensed by The Pennsylvania State University (https://roam.libraries.psu.edu), Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/, accessed (date) / simple explanation of modification

Citation if you make a derivative work

This work, “name of your derivative work,” is a derivative of “Content title” (link to original work) by author, licensed by The Pennsylvania State University (https://roam.libraries.psu.edu), Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. “Name of your work” is licensed under Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/  by [your name here].

See the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) for details. You may also refer to Penn State's policy on courseware and courseware modules - Policy IP03: Courseware.